Author : Artur Ziaja

Where lies the Busha?

Roughly halfway between the Mohylowem Podolski and Yampolem - on the South-Western edges of "Winnychyna"-lies the village called Busha. Located in the ravine-Podilskyi, at the confluence of the two rivers (Busha and Murafa), can be used for example of the myth of "green Ukraine". Beauty of nature is not, however, only it's only advantage. Busha has something else to offer: rich, intriguing, complicated history and its tangible relics.

Exit from the main road to the Park the historical – cultural park in Busha. On the foreground is my bike.

History of Busha

At the turn of the 16 and 17 century-Transnistria ruled Jan Zamojski-great Crown hetman and his son Thomas-voivode podolski. For the life of this first, on the Hill, at the bifurcation of the Murafy and the Buszy erected defensive Castle, which gradually expanded, eventually took the character of a solid and large defence works with six bastions, each of which had a loch with a supply of gunpowder and underground passageways connecting it with other parts of the Castle. Castle walls and towers were built according to the latest canons of the art of fortifications and military architecture. French engineer fortyfikujący in the 17th century. Ukraine dead Republic – De Beauplan highly evaluated the military qualities of the Buszy, while stationed in the castle of the officers of the Polish crew compared it to the fortress in nearby Kamianets-Podilskyi. Around the Castle quickly grew out of a settlement, that with the beginning of the 17th century. gained town status. In 1629 y. Buszę did cohabitate ok. 2000 people, which made it one of the larger castles the Transnistria issue Bracławszczyzny.

River Murafa and jar Murafy, where lies the village of Busza.

The clash between the Polish Army and Turkish-Tartar

In 1617 y. near the Buszy came to intense clashes between Polish troops under the command of Crown Hetman Rostov and Turkish-Tartar czambułami with Iskanderem-Feed. The fight ended with the signing in the Buszy peace between skonfliktowanymi parties, that of the secular 3 final years and culminating in a confrontation for the Polish defeat ţuţora, and death of the brave Hetman in the near-side of the Moldovan Dniester-Bieriezowce.

Zniszenie town and Castle in the Buszy

In 1648 y., right at the beginning of the creation of Khmelnitsky, insurgent troops took possession of the Castle, which the sovereignty the new owners became the nadgraniczną Cossack Regiment territorial bracławskiego. Later – in the course Of Khmelnitsky – the walls there were skirmishes often Buszy Polish-Cossack, which were your big and dramatic finale November 1654 y., When the crew of Cossack Castle was surrounded by the Polish army led by Stefan Czarnieckiego. After a short-lived siege Castle fell, However, at the last moment, wife Cossack sotnika – Commander of the Castle-managed to ignite the fuse leading to the stocks of gunpowder, blowing up in the air, the greater part of the Castle, the entire crew and a large number of besieging the Castle soldiers. It is worth mentioning, that is less than 20 years later, analogous to a large extent, the situation will take place in the fortress kamienieckiej. Pałający fury and desire for revenge, the Poles have committed massacres on the inhabitants of depriving life ok. 1600 people. Accidents in the Buszy from year 1654 retook reverberate among contemporary. Wespazjan Kochowski described them as well as the later Ukrainian writer Michal Starycki in the historical novel "Defense Buszy". Year 1654 proved to be a landmark in the history of the Buszy. Viticulturists in and lock not raised up never with ruins and the fall.

Park historical-cultural Buszy

Entrance into the historical Park – cultural park in Busha

In 2000 the Government of Ukraine created the Buszy park historical-cultural. His most valuable monument is the one survivor baszta (of the six original) buszańskiej fortress.

Survivor buszańskiej tower fortress surrounded by sculptures neopogańskich.

In addition to her park covers several archaeological sites (in this culture of trypolskiej), lapidarium of sculptures of the reasons neopogańskich, Rock monastery used for cult already during the period before chrystianizacją Rus, and the Cossack Cemetery-one of the most beautiful tombs ever I've had the opportunity to watch.

Cossack cemetery

Historical Park – cultural park in Busha. In the foreground the sculpture neopogańskie, in the background the Pavilion with an exhibition of archaeological.

Rock monastery in Buszy.

Plan of the Historical – cultural park in Busha

Anyone who takes "in deep step" of deep Podillia I recommend a lot Busha, as one of these places, about which it says, that have their own genius loci.

ARTICLE TAGS

podole, Ukraine